![]() |
Louis XII (French: Louis XII, June 27, 1462 – January 1, 1515) was the eighth king of the House of Valois in France (reigned 1498-1515), known as the "Father of the People". He belongs to the Orleans branch of the dynasty. Before ascending to the throne, the title was Duke of Orleans (known as Louis ... Read More
|
![]() |
Louis Philippe I (October 6, 1773 – August 26, 1850) was the sole monarch of the Orleans dynasty in France. The distant ancestor was Louis XIII, and his second son was conferred the title of Duke of Orleans. This branch inherited the title of Duke of Orleans. In 1785, his father Louis Philippe ... Read More
|
![]() |
Philip II (Greek: Φίλι ππ π ος Β' ο Μακεδών, From 382 BC to 336 BC, he was the king of Macedonia (359 BC to 336 BC) and the youngest son of Amintas III and Eurydice. He was born in Perra. He was the father of Alexander the Great and Philip III. Philip II of Macedon (382-336 BC; Greek Φιλι ππ π ος, ... Read More
|
![]() |
Friedrich I (German: Friedrich I; English: Frederick I; 1122-1190 June 10), nicknamed "Red Beard" or "Barbarossa" (Italian: Barbarossa; German: Rotbart), was the first Roman king of the Hohenstaufen dynasty and Holy Roman Emperor (reigned from June 8, 1155 to June 10, 1190). He was also a famous ... Read More
|
![]() |
P é pin le Bref, also known as P é pin III, was a Frankish king who reigned from 751 to 768 AD and the son of Charles Matt. The term P é pin le Bref appears in later historical records, probably due to his short stature, as Bref actually meant court in French at the time, meaning short. Pippin was ... Read More
|
![]() |
Urban II (1042-1099 July 29), Pope of Rome (reigned 1088-1099), was one of the four great Latin priests of the Middle Ages. Under the pressure of the Holy Roman Emperor, he opened up new battlefields and launched a Crusade, revitalizing the authority of the Pope. He continued to implement the policy ... Read More
|
![]() |
Innocent III (February 22, 1161 – July 16, 1216) was the Roman Catholic Pope (reigned from January 8, 1198 to July 16, 1216). He studied theology at the University of Paris and studied theological theory behind closed doors. He was elected Pope in 1198. During his reign, the power of the Holy See ... Read More
|
![]() |
John Paul I (October 17, 1912- September 28, 1978), formerly known as Albino Luciani, was the 263rd successor to St. Peter. He reigned for only 33 days and was Italian from August 26, 1978 to September 28, 1978. It is rumored that he was murdered. John Paul I is known as the smiling Pope by the ... Read More
|
![]() |
Pope Benedict XVI (April 16, 1927 – December 31, 2022), whose real name was Joseph Alois Ratzinger (Latin: Iosephus Ratzinger), was born in Bavaria and was the eighth German Pope. He was originally the Minister of the Catholic Church, Chairman of the Pontifical Bible Committee, Chairman of the ... Read More
|
![]() |
Pope Pius XI (May 31, 1857 – February 10, 1939) was the 257th Pope (reigning from 1922 to 1939). Formerly known as Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti. Born into a middle-class family in the small town of Desio near Milan. In 1879, he was ordained as a theologian and researcher of ancient manuscripts, ... Read More
|