The Sphinx is an Egyptian cultural heritage site located in the pyramid tomb area of Giza, Egypt. Some believe that the head was sculpted by the ancient Egyptian pharaoh Hafra based on his own portrait, while others suggest that it was built by Regidev based on the portrait of his father Khufu.
This statue is 20 meters high and 57 meters long. If the two front paws are included, the total length is 72 meters. The face is about 5 meters long and 4.7 meters wide, the nose is 1.71 meters long, and the mouth is 2.3 meters and 1.93 meters large. It wears a "Naims" crown on its head, fan-shaped "Naims" headbands hanging down from its ears, a "Cobra" (cobra: cobra) snake relief carved on its forehead, a drooping long beard on its lower jaw, a collar around its neck, and an eagle feather pattern adorning its lion body.

For thousands of years, the Sphinx has been buried in sand up to its shoulders, revealing a strange head on the horizon of the Sahara Desert. In 1817, Genoese explorer Captain Giovanni Battista Cavelia led 160 people to dig out the statue, but the sand quickly filled the excavated sand pit, and the first excavation of the Sphinx in modern history failed. Until the late 1930s, Egyptian archaeologist Salim Hassan finally liberated the giant statue from the yellow sand. At that time, The New York Times declared, "The Sphinx finally emerged from the impenetrable forgotten shadow and became a landmark
Who built the Sphinx is also a mystery. Initially, Egyptologists believed it was Pharaoh Khufu who built it to keep watch over his pyramid. This statement gave rise to a vivid description: In 2610 BC, Pharaoh Khufu came here to inspect his nearly completed tomb, the Great Pyramid. Hu Fu discovered that there was still a huge stone left on the quarry, and immediately ordered the stonemasons to carve a sphinx according to his face shape.

But Reynald and other archaeologists gradually deduced that the stone statue was the son of Khufu, ordered to be built by Pharaoh Hafer. Hafer ruled Egypt in 2600 BC, and the dynasty lasted for 500 years before ultimately collapsing due to war and famine. According to pictographic records, Khufu built a pyramid 146 meters high for himself, 400 meters away from the location where the Sphinx was later built. Hafer also built his own pyramid, but it was 3 meters shorter than his father's and 400 meters away from the Sphinx. Reynald discovered some evidence linking the Sphinx to Pharaoh Hafer, with the earliest evidence dating back to 1853. That year, a French archaeologist named Auguste found a life sized Hafer statue carved from black volcanic stone near the Sphinx. Near the statue was the ruins of a building that later became known as Temple Valley. In addition, Auguste also discovered the remains of a specially laid stone passage that connects the Temple Valley with the temple next to the Hafer Pyramid. In 1925, another French archaeologist Emil Barez excavated another ancient architectural relic in front of the Sphinx, known as the Sphinx Temple.
These pieces of evidence indicate that Pharaoh Hafer arranged a great architectural plan, including the Sphinx, his own pyramid, and temple, but many archaeologists still insist that the Sphinx was built by Khufu. Until 1980, Reynald hired a young German geographer named Tom Egner, who proved in a completely new way that the Sphinx belonged to the series of buildings of Pharaoh Hafer. After inspecting the rock samples of the Sphinx and the Sphinx Temple, Reynald and Tom discovered many fossil samples. Based on identifying these fossils, they found that many of the stones used to build the temple walls were chiseled from the giant stones used to carve the Sphinx. Obviously, the craftsmen used ropes and pulleys to pull the remaining huge stones from carving the Sphinx Temple to the site for "waste utilization".

Therefore, it seems that Hafer incorporated the pyramids, sphinx, and temple into a unified architectural plan, but who executed this immortal plan. In 1990, an American tourist fell off his horse 800 meters away from the Sphinx and tripped his horse over a low wall. Zahi Hawass, Secretary General of the Egyptian Antiquities Society and an authority in archaeology, subsequently conducted an investigation and discovered a cemetery in the ancient Egyptian kingdom. There are 600 people buried here, with the supervisor's tomb in the center marked with epitaphs indicating the names and identities of the deceased, and the surrounding tombs of ordinary laborers without any identification. Near this cemetery, 9 years later Reynall discovered his lost city. Since the 1980s, ancient buildings have been frequently discovered here, and Reynald and Hawass have been paying close attention to it. However, it was not until they completed precise surveying and mapping that they realized it was a spectacular residential area, the size of 10 football fields, built during the reign of Hafra. The center of the residential area consists of four long mud brick barracks, which, like ordinary houses, have colonnades, sleeping platforms, and kitchens, but are larger in scale and can accommodate 50 people sleeping side by side. Reynald said that the barracks can accommodate 1600 to 2000 workers, and if the sleeping platform is a double-layer structure, it can accommodate even more people. The workers' diet indicated that they were not slaves, and Reynald discovered the remains of male livestock under the age of 2 at the site, indicating that the workers' diet was mainly beef. Renal believes that it is highly likely that ordinary Egyptians built the Sphinx and its surrounding relics through a rotation system based on national taxes or enfeoffment levels.
45 centuries ago, humans lacked iron, and the Egyptians mainly used stone hammers, combined with copper chisels, to complete more detailed work. Researchers have found that copper chisels cannot withstand knocking and become dull after just a few strokes, requiring frequent replacement. After comprehensive consideration, it is estimated that each worker can chisel one cubic foot of stone per week. At this rate, 100 workers can complete the Sphinx in 3 years.

The face of the Sphinx is better preserved than most ancient statues, but after thousands of years of weathering and human destruction, the nose has been completely destroyed. According to an Arab historian's account in 1402, a Sufi fanatic deliberately disfigured him with the aim of "correcting religious fallacies". However, there are still many clues to infer what the stone statue originally looked like. In the early 19th century, people excavated fallen stone carved beards and cobra headpieces representing the Egyptian monarchy. There are still residual red dyes on the faces of the stone statues, which led archaeologists to speculate that the entire face was once red. Yellow and peacock blue pigments were also found in other parts, which made Reynall suspect that the statues were originally dressed in vulgar colors.

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Where does the mysterious passage inside the Sphinx lead to? Who caused the nose of the statue to collapse?
If you haven't seen the Sphinx, you can't say you've been to Egypt. Travel a few kilometers west from Cairo and arrive in front of Giza village. The huge stone statue standing tall on the east side of the Khufu Pyramid in the eyes is the Sphinx, which attracts tourists from all over with its tempting magic. Is the "monster" - the Sphinx with a lion's body and human face really modeled after Khufu. Unfortunately, the nose of the Sphinx was broken for unknown reasons in history, which damaged its aesthetics and coordination.

This is an eternal mystery. Would carving something out of one's own facial image to protect one's magnificent tomb not be ridiculed? That obviously lowered the value of the pharaoh. In ancient mythology, the Sphinx was a monster born of a giant and a serpent: a human head, a lion body, with wings, and named the Sphinx. The Sphinx is cruel by nature. He learned many riddles from the Muse, the goddess of wisdom, and often stood guard at major intersections. Every pedestrian must guess a riddle in order to pass through. If they guess wrong, they will all be eaten up, and there will be countless victims. Once, a king's son was eaten by the Sphinx. The king was extremely angry and offered a reward: 'Whoever can subdue him, give him the throne!' Brave young man Dipus went to seek revenge at the king's call. He walked and walked, arriving at the intersection guarded by the Sphinx. Young man, guess the mystery to get through. "The Sphinx took out the hardest and most difficult one for him to guess. What is it that can make a sound, walking on four legs in the morning, walking on two legs at noon, but walking on three legs at night? "" This is a person, "the clever Dipper quickly guessed. Dipus emerged victorious and uncovered the mystery; But the Sphinx refused to give up and gave Dipper a riddle: "What grows first, then becomes shorter, and finally becomes longer again." Dipper guessed the answer to the riddle, "Shadow." So the Sphinx revealed his true form and committed suicide to redeem his sins.
It is said that the sphinx was carved based on the shape of the Sphinx. In fact, the Sphinx is not only found in Cairo, Egypt. Just the largest and oldest one in Cairo. However, the lion figures (or bull heads, sheep heads, etc.) carved everywhere are all squatting. Differently, some even raised a paw.