David (1040-970 BC) (Hebrew: דווד， D ā vḏ; Greek: Δανίδ， D ā uid; Arabic: داوود， D ā w ū D; "The name means: beloved by the Lord") was born in Bethlehem (today's Palestine), the eighth son of Jesse, a Jewish sect. He was a shepherd in his early days. When he grew up, he defeated the giant Goliath, a helper invited by the enemy Philistines, and was appreciated by King Saul. Later, he fled from Saul's pursuit and wandered around. After his death, Saul became the King of Israel, thus establishing a unified United Kingdom of Israel, with Jerusalem as its capital. After David died, his son Solomon succeeded to the throne. The establishment of a unified and powerful kingdom of Israel before his death had a great impact on the Jewish nation and the world in later generations.

Character's life
David and Saul
As the king of Israel, it is very difficult to enjoy the feeling of "human ownership", because they command the flesh and blood of the people at most, while there is another kind of people who override the king and lead the spirit of the people. They are the "prophets" of Israel. The "prophet" is the faithful agent of the Lord God on earth, while the king is just a secular tool for God to manage the people. If the tool is sharp and effective, it can be used for a long time; If a tool is rusty and useless, it will be discarded like a shoe. As for whether the noble lineage can be inherited, it also depends on whether they conform to God's will. It is: "The king's heart is in the hands of the Lord, like the water flowing freely in the Long Valley." (Proverbs 21:1) Therefore, even the poor, who have been promoted from the dunghill, may one day reign in the south.
David was before Saul. Although Saul was also the king chosen by God to govern the people, he must obey the admonition of the prophet Samuel. However, Saul, who was easy to get excited, gradually turned away from the way he should go, which made Samuel very angry. Although Saul also showed repentance in a dispute, he accidentally tore the skirt of Samuel's robe, which also became a sign of God's "cutting off the robe" with him. So Samuel, under the command of God, turned to the people to find a new king.
In the history of other countries, the essence of the change of the throne is to fight for power and gain, but in the history of Israel, the old and new kings are fighting for God's favor. The feeling of God's rejection became a bitter knot in Saul's heart for a long time, and it was also the source of his strong jealousy of the future successor David. However, everything about David is beyond reproach.
David became famous in a battle to defeat the enemy Philistine giant Goliath. It seems that the tall and arrogant opponent is always the first large stepping stone for young heroes to become famous, such as the spirit god defeated by Monkey King; In Troy, Achilles killed the big guy with a sword when he appeared. However, although young David stood out as a brave warrior, he thought that Wang played and sang as a zither boy to accompany the king, which showed his excellent quality of both civil and military skills. No wonder that Saul's sons and daughters were immediately fascinated. The prince Jonathan loved David deeply. The Bible mentioned several times: "Jonathan loves David as he loves his own life"; Princess Michal also has a crush on David. However, the people's fanatical pursuit of the stars made Saul suspicious. At that time, the popular song sang: "Saul killed thousands of enemies, and David killed thousands of enemies."
Plum blossom fragrance comes from bitter cold, and sword edge comes from sharpening. Innocent David was hated by the Lord and suffered many disasters. However, he did not expect that this was a lesson specially arranged by God to temper great people. If God wants to destroy a man, he must first make him crazy. The soothing sound of David's harp could not soothe the violent Saul. Saul tried to kill David with a spear, but he dodged for the latter several times; Even marriage has become a trap for Saul to kill people by sword: if David wants to marry Michal, he must kill a hundred Philistines. However, David overfulfilled: his victory was 200 enemies. As the son-in-law of the king, David was so successful that he was in great danger. Fortunately, Jonathan, the prince, intervened in the middle. However, Jonathan's tragedy was also due to this. He defended his friend, but his father nearly stabbed him with a gun. Saul also scolded him
However, Jonathan was really sincere to David, which was rare in the court. He did not know that David might hinder him from inheriting the throne of Saul, but he was convinced: "You will be the king of Israel, and I will be your prime minister.". (1 Samuel 23:17) Love is so devoted that it transcends political utility. No matter whether it is friendship or love, who can not be moved by it? Later, when David wrote the Bow Song to mourn Jonathan, who died in battle, he also said, "My brother Jonathan, I am sad for you. I am very happy with you. Your love for me is wonderful, more than women's love." (2 Samuel 1:26)
Saul's hatred of David has reached an intolerable point. David escaped with the help of his wife Michal and began a long exile. He did not want to betray the country, but asked other countries to give him a place to live; He went to recover the captured city of Keira, but Saul attacked him from behind; Saul vowed to search him out of thousands of households, but David gave up the opportunity to kill Saul easily twice... After so many risks, David's personality charm of bravery, resourcefulness, tolerance and patience became more and more prominent, and Saul's brutal act of killing innocent people in the pursuit of David increasingly alienated the people, and many people went to David.
As the saying goes, "If you commit many acts of injustice, you will die by yourself." It is not a pity that Saul committed suicide when he was defeated. It is a pity that Jonathan, who was caught between his father and his friends, did not violate his family and friendship. He also died in battle with his father. However, his character of faithfulness and abiding by the contract is engraved on the history. From a political point of view, this battle removed all the obstacles to David's accession to the throne, so the title of "King David" began to appear in Israel's history books.

David and his women
There are too many golden swords and too many bloody battles. Thackeray said: war takes men's blood and women's tears. Let's take a look at the women around King David. Although they are not the leading role of history, they are soft and graceful gauze covered, but like the harmony in the song, they soften the theme and exaggerate the atmosphere, although they sometimes change the tune of the historical theme song. Among David's concubines, the three women most worth mentioning are Michal, Abigail and Bathsheba.
Like her brother Jonathan, Michal, who loves David, also struggles between love and kinship. Although she deceives her father and allows David to escape, she cannot disobey his command to transfer her to others. However, the occurrence and demise of love is so strange. Maybe we haven't seen each other for many years, or maybe the gentle love of our stephusband touched the princess's lonely heart. When David once commanded her to bring Micah back to him, she and her stephusband Paddy were already inseparable. Although there is only one short verse in the Bible: "Michal's husband followed her, weeping as he walked, and went straight to Bahurim. Abner (the general who sent Michal) said, 'Go back.' And Pati went back." (2 Samuel 3:16) But there are many sad meanings between the lines.
Did David find Michal out of old feelings? In the years of separation, David has had several wives. Just as Saul humiliated David by matching Michal with another person, David wanted to wash away the hatred of his wife when he found Michal. Besides, Mijia is not only a part of his personal marriage, but also a princess of the previous dynasty, a political code name. At the beginning of the new regime's establishment in the world, Mijia played such a role, and the new king also showed a conquering attitude to the world. The poor woman who lives in the political strife is unable to speak out and beg for some emotional sympathy from the powerful people. When Micah just came back, her attitude was not clearly written in the Bible. The movie was played with such a line: "(Micah pleads with David): Please let me go! You have many wives, and I am the only husband."
But the Bible records another thing, which shows the complete breakdown of their feelings: David welcomed the honorable Ark of the Covenant (the sacred object for placing the Ten Commandments tablets) into the city with singing and dancing. Michal saw him dancing, and made a sharp laugh: "The king of Israel is exposed today in the eyes of his servants' maidservants, just like a shameless person. What a great honor!" The more straightforward translation is: "You look so ugly dancing today, even your thighs are exposed. Is it glorious?" David answered without mercy: God let me abolish your father and your whole family, and made me king over Israel. I am contemptible before God; In front of people, I am honorable. This remark has directly touched the pain of the death of Mica, and the relationship between husband and wife has disappeared. Then the Bible lightly added, "Michal, Saul's daughter, had no children until the day of her death." (2 Samuel 6:21-24) It can be seen that after Michal was sent into the cold palace, no one cared about her, and she lived a miserable life. However, compared with other relatives of Saul who were ruthlessly purged by King David, Michal at least "fortunately" left a life behind.
I wonder if David is still the innocent handsome boy in your eyes at this time? For the sake of narrative coherence, I have omitted all kinds of cunning schemes and brutal killings during his expedition. It can also be said decisively that no politician's hands are clean and no politician's heart is complete. However, David did not lose his unique charm in the biblical characters. We don't have to be strict with the ancients. If God wants to find a perfect person to lead his voters, he is afraid that the Israelites are still leaderless today.
Compared with the ill fated Princess Micah, the story of Abigail, another wife David married in exile, is like a light comedy. At the beginning, Abigail was also suffering. She was a virtuous and wise woman, but her husband Nabal, the rich man, was headstrong and fierce, so she became a flower stuck in cow dung. When David first arrived, he politely sent people to greet Naba as a gesture of friendship, but he was scolded by Naba: "Who? I've never heard of him! Recently, there are many runaway slaves who disobey their master. I don't care to associate with people who don't know their origin!" At that time, David was already the son-in-law of the king and a powerful general. The words of Naba showed how stupid he was. This really irritated David. He stood up and swore: "If I keep one of the men belonging to Nabal until tomorrow morning, God will punish me severely!" (1 Samuel 25:22)
Fortunately, Abigail, the good wife, knew that the bastard husband had offended David. She immediately prepared rich gifts and stopped the murderous David and his team on the way. David did not expect that the beautiful woman who stood in the way was modest, lovely and eloquent. She bowed down to the ground, first scolded her husband for being stupid, and then explained that she did not know the truth. Then she tactfully said that David would feel uneasy if he killed for this matter. At the same time, she offered generous gifts to compliment David on becoming the king of Israel. David's ears, eyes and whole body are comfortable with what she said - we can only record her words, but we can't reproduce the soft eyes that make her words more attractive, clear voice and graceful posture. In a word, David smiled and put the knife back into the scabbard. A bloody disaster disappeared. Abigail, a watery woman, quenched the flames of David's revenge - just like the old Chinese saying: "A good wife makes less trouble for her husband."
When Abigail came home in a cold sweat, Naba was still unaware of everything and was very happy to eat and drink. Seeing how drunk he was, Abby should wait for him to clear his head the next day before he told the story again. Naba was as numb as a chicken. Ten days later, he died. The news of the funeral reached David, but it became good news. For many days, he was fascinated by the woman's character, and he was sorry that she belonged to him. As soon as man's wishes were met, he immediately sent someone to propose to Abigail. Abigail, the pretty widow, did not mince her manners at all. She said generously to the messengers, "I am willing to wash David's feet." Then she "immediately got up, rode on a donkey, took five maids, and followed David's messengers. She became David's wife." (1 Samuel 25:42)
The first love with Micah was marked by political intrigue, and the encounter with Abigail diluted the blood of the war. But from Bathsheba, David not only tasted the sweetness of adultery, but also suffered from the bitterness of corruption. She drew the ugliest side of David's human nature - she was the lover of his sin, which made him fall into great pain and severe punishment. (2 Samuel 11)
When he became famous, King David began to indulge in happiness. He sent his generals to fight everywhere, but he got up lazily from his bed when the sun was low. When he was wandering on the flat roof of the palace, he suddenly saw a woman bathing in a folk courtyard. (I have always been curious: why is his eyesight so good? I hope archaeologists can find a telescope three thousand years ago. However, perhaps Israel does not have the strict buildings like the Forbidden City, and the monarchs, officials and people live close together, so that they can watch each other.) Among all the voyeuristic pleasures, for David, taking a bath with a voyeuristic beauty is the most exciting. David investigated her identity and learned that she was the wife of a soldier. Her husband went out to fight for his country, but David didn't give up his mind and summoned her to the palace without any guilt... Unexpectedly, there was a secret knot in love. In order to cover up his misdeeds, David began a series of hypocrisy, counterfeiting, ingratitude and murder
King David recalled Bathsheba's husband Uriah. After a while of rambling, he asked him to go back to reunite with his wife. Unexpectedly, Uriah was an honest soldier. When his comrades in arms were fighting, he refused to enjoy the pleasure of fish and water alone. David had no choice but to send someone to inebriate him, but Uriah did not give in. Finally, David came up with a poisonous plan: let Uriah send a letter to his boss. The letter is a will to kill Uriah. This move is more insidious and terrible than Saul's killing David with the help of the Philistines.

First adultery, then murder. But a man who believes in God violates two of the Ten Commandments. But do not think that David has fulfilled his wish, because he is a man loved by God. The more he is loved by God, the more severe God's discipline will be: "From now on," Nathan the prophet said to David, who was prostrate and confessed his sin, "the sword will never leave your home. Thus says the LORD, I will rise up evil against you from your home. I will give your concubines to others in your eyes, and he will sleep with them under the sun..." (2 Samuel 12:10) God said and did, The first punishment was to kill the firstborn son of David and Bathsheba. Although David was filled with remorse and sang, "The sacrifice God wants is a sad spirit. God, you will not despise a sad and contrite heart" (Psalm 51), the curse of terror was slowly fulfilled in David's home one by one. But God is still a merciful God. Because of David's repentance and renewal, God gave Solomon to him. The most wise king in history is from Bathsheba. Because of David's mistake, he could not build the temple, and this task was completed by King Solomon.
David and his beloved son Absalom
David's sin caused trouble in his family. The upper beam is not right, the lower beam is crooked, the father is promiscuous, and the son is absurd. Prince Amnon doesn't love any woman, but he only likes his sister Princess Tamar, and plans to rape her. King David was "very angry" at his son's incest (2 Samuel 13:21), but he did not take any punishment. He loved his children too much. When kindness degenerated into weakness, injustice provoked hatred. Absalom, Tamar's brother, set up a feast at the gate and stabbed Amnon to death on the spot. In the film, the atrocities of Annen and the revenge of Absalom occur successively, which is very compact; But in the Bible, there was a gap of two years. In fact, according to the records in the Bible, Absalom suffered a long time and broke out, which showed that he was far sighted and scheming.
Indeed, Absalom was the most beloved of David's sons. The Bible, which has always cherished ink as gold, also used two sections to describe Absalom's beauty: "There is no one in all Israel who is as beautiful and praised as Absalom. From the bottom of his feet to the top of his head, there is no flaw. His hair is very heavy, and it is cut once every year at the end of the year. The cut hair weighs 200 shekels according to the king's scale." (2 Samuel 14:25-26) With his outstanding appearance, his father's favor, and his shrewd political skills, Absalom began to feel uneasy. He collaborated with others to buy people's hearts, and more and more people attached to him, which had the momentum of people leaving Saul for David.
Absalom stationed troops under the city of Jerusalem. It was inevitable that father and son would fight each other. King David fled in a hurry. Absalom occupied the palace and raped David's concubines in broad daylight in front of the people. The location was chosen on the palace platform - probably the platform where David walked to see Bathsheba. Absalom's action symbolizes the fusion of sexual desire and power desire, which is similar to David's intention to take Michal back after he ascended the throne. ¡ª¡ª History is nothing new, and it has begun to rebirth, but actors and viewers will never be tired of it.
However, David was a loving father after all, and even though he was persecuted by his son, he had no hatred for him. In the film, he said to little Solomon who asked "Who is Absalom?" "He was a child like you. I am his enemy, but he is not my enemy." (A boy who was once like you. Perhaps I am his enemy, but he could never be mine.) (2 Samuel 18:5) Even when the great victory came, he did not care about the war, but repeatedly asked, "Is the young man Absalom safe?" (Is the young man Absalom safe! Let the glory and power of the world be overshadowed. This situation is very similar to David's when he heard that Saul's father and son died in battle. The messenger thought David would be ecstatic. Is the throne in sight? But David sang sadly: "How the great hero died! How the great hero fell!" (How are the mighty fallen!)
In fact, Absalom died of his beautiful long hair: when he rode through the woods, his hair was caught in the branches of trees, and people were carried in the air. He was stabbed to death by the pursuers without any help. The good news of victory made David sad: "My son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! I wish I could die for you. Absalom, my son, my son!" (2 Samuel 18:33) -- This verse is called the most moving lament in the world by the American writer William Faulkner.
But the disaster of David's family was not over. After David's death, he and Solomon, the son of Bathsheba, succeeded to the throne. Adonijah, who had long coveted the throne, was careless in his words and deeds, and was killed by Solomon. So far, four of David's sons have died unexpectedly, and a daughter and ten concubines have been defiled. He has also experienced several times of loss of children and flight, paying a huge price for his and Bathsheba's sins. Alas, the net of heaven is vast. Even those who are loved by God cannot escape from God's righteous hand if they commit sin!