Hades (Greek: Ἅ) ιδης、 English: Hades (also translated as Hades, Hades, Hades, etc.) is the Pluto King in Greek mythology, the brother of Zeus and Poseidon, and the consort god of Persephone, daughter of Zeus and Demeter.
Hades is often referred to as "Zeus of the underworld" and is a god of the underworld who is either confused with Zeus or regarded as the embodiment of Zeus.
Hades in ancient Greece belonged to the god Chthonic, that is, the god of the earth and the earth. His temples are rare, with only one in the Ilis region [1], usually not belonging to the most popular twelve gods. The twelve god stamps issued by Greece do not include Hades. However, occasionally some versions of the Twelve Gods include Heracles, Meihui, Hades and other gods. Plato linked the relationship between the Twelve Gods and the Twelve Months. He believed that Hades should be linked with the last month, representing the dead.
Hades is depicted as a god with a long beard, a bird headed staff, and a three headed dog, often confused with the god of death, Serapis.
Most of the affairs of the underworld are in the charge of other gods. Persephone is in charge of ghost sacrifice, the god of death and the god of sleep carry the corpse, and the three judges sent by Zeus try the case or report it to the god king Zeus [5]. Hades managed fewer affairs and was often regarded by the ancient Greeks as a personification of the underworld, the god of the underworld. He has a nickname called Edonius, which means "Lord of the Guests" and is the god in charge of ghosts. He is also sometimes a god of Seleucis attached to Persephone [4].

Hades was the son of Cronus and Rhea, the Titan gods. Cronus was afraid that his children would overthrow him, so every child was eaten by Cronus at birth. Only the youngest Zeus was replaced with a stone by his mother Rhea, thus escaping a disaster.
Later, with the help of Zeus, Cronus vomited all his children. They are Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades and Poseidon.
During the crusade against Cronus, the Cyclops helped Zeus forge thunder and lightning, made a trident for Poseidon, and made a Cap of invisibility helmet for Hades, helping them overthrow the rule of Cronus. According to the "Divine Genealogy", the gods elected Zeus to sit on the throne of the divine king.
In the epic Iliad, the three brothers Zeus, Poseidon and Hades drew lots to allocate the ruling area. Hades won the lot to manage the underworld, so he became the god ruling the underworld, and the ruler of life and death was born.
Later, during the Battle of Guigantes, Hades lent his invisibility helmet to Hermes (Ἑ) ρμ ῆ ς） Helped him kill the giant Hippolytus (Ἱπππππ) όλυτος）。

Hades is the god of the underworld, the "King of the underworld", neither the "God of Death" nor the "Judge" of the underworld; He obeyed Zeus' will and reported to him when the case could not be tried. When he was injured, he also went to Olympus to seek medical help. Hades once went to the ground to snatch the grain goddess Persephone（ Περσεφόνη）， Seize her as a wife.
The offerings offered to Hades were black rams and ewes, and poplar and mint were his sacred plants.
In Homer's Epic, the great hero Heracles breaks through Hades' gate in the underworld, subdues the three hell dogs without any weapons, and takes the three dogs to the earth as trophies. In the Pylos War, Athena, as an ally of Heracles, defeated Hades.
According to the records in Iliad, Heracles shot Hades through his shoulder with a swift arrow, which made Hades miserable and went to Mount Olympus for medical treatment [6]. In Roman mythology, Hades is confused with Orcus, the god of death in ancient Italy, and Dis, the god of Hades. In his works of art, his image is a long bearded god sitting on a golden throne, holding a bifurcated fork or a bird headed staff, with Cerberus, the three headed dog of hell, lying at his feet, and sometimes sitting beside him is Persephone, the afterlife.
Hades is also the name of Hades in Greek mythology, sometimes referring to Tartaros (Orcus in Roman mythology). The oldest myth says that it is located in the west, on the other side of the Sea of Oqanos, where ghosts reside. Hecat, Persephone and others also settled here. Tartaros was used to imprison the overthrown Titan, guarded by the Hecatoncheires. In the most popular folk myth, Hermes sent the ghosts to the Styx bank of the Styx River through the entrance of Laconia and other places, and Caron crossed them by boat. The three headed dog Cerberus guarded the entrance and did not stop the ghosts entering, but did not allow anyone to come out.
It is said that only Orpheus, Heracles, Odysseus, Aeneas and a few other heroes entered the underworld and returned to the world alive.
The three judges, Minos, Iakos and Rhadamanthus, are the three sons of Zeus, and the souls of all the dead must be judged by them. For example, the daughters of Danaos, king of Argos, were sentenced to pour water into the bottomless urn in Hades for committing the crime of killing his husband, and Sisyphus and Tantalus were also sentenced to suffer there for their crimes. There is a forgetting river there, which can make ghosts forget about the world and their lives in the world.
Fei Lai City（ Φεραί） King Ademethos (ἌἌἌ) δμητος） He was supposed to die, but his wife, Alexis λκηστις） He volunteered to die, so his soul was taken to the underworld by the god of death. Fortunately, Heracles (Ἡ) ρακλ ῆ ς） Volunteer to challenge Hades in the underworld, Hades is defeated and returns the soul of Alexis.

About the afterlife queen
(See the "Divine Manual", "Library", "Ancient Greek Drama", "Homer Ode" and other Greek materials)
Persephone has lived with his mother Demeter since childhood, and has never considered marriage. Once, Persephone picked flowers in Enna together with the nymphs Ningfu (in Homer's Epic, she was accompanied by Athena and Artemis) in the jungle. Gaia, the earth goddess, was acquiesced by Zeus, so that the earth opened a narcissus. Persephone unconsciously left her friends in the process of picking flowers. When she was about to pick the seemingly harmless narcissus, the earth cracked, Four black horses pulled Hades' golden cart to appear, and when he was hit by Cupid's golden arrow, he forced Persephone onto the golden cart and forcibly occupied the girl Persephone. Hades has no formal wife, so Persephone naturally became Hades' wife.
The robbed Persephone cried sadly for her mother. Demeter heard Persephone's cry for help, and was heartbroken. She quickly put down her farm work and ran towards the cry, but Persephone had already disappeared. Demeter was extremely anxious and searched everywhere for his daughter's whereabouts. Therefore, everything on the earth stopped growing (Demeter was the goddess of fertility and agriculture). Helios, the sun god, saw everything and told Demeter about Persephone's whereabouts (in a word, the spring fairy Aretusa revealed the truth to Demeter).

After Demeter knew the truth, he immediately found Zeus and asked him to order Hades to bring Persephone back to her immediately, otherwise she would continue to make the earth barren. At last Zeus was afraid that everything on the earth would be deserted, so he sent Hermes to persuade Hades to return Persephone to Demeter. But before Hermes arrived, Hades began to play the emotional card and let Persephone eat the pomegranate seeds of the underworld. This makes Persephone have to stay in the underworld for four months every year, which is the harsh winter season on earth.
In another version, Askalafus tells the other gods that Persephone ate the pomegranate seeds of the underworld. Every year when Demeter is reunited with her daughter, everything on the earth grows, but in the other six months when Persephone returns to the underworld, everything on the earth is exhausted. In addition, there is another version that Hecarte rescued Persephone and became Persephone's protector in Hades.
Some people think that this story may originate from the marriage between Zeus and Persephone. In the early statues, Zeus can be found on three sides. Zeus once ruled the underworld of the sky, earth, and earth. Later, Zeus of the underworld split into Hades, hence Hades was also known as the "underground Zeus". Later, combined with other explanations, in ancient Greece, a man would snatch the adult one from a group of girls as his bride for the wedding ceremony. The explanation for the season was later added.
As an afterlife, Persephone showed mercy only once. She was deeply moved by Orpheus's song and agreed with Orpheus to bring his wife Eurydice back to the world, but Persephone made a harsh request: Eurydice must walk behind Orpheus, and Orpheus must not turn around to look at Eurydice before the two reached the ground. Orpheus agreed, but when they were about to return to the world, he could not help looking back to see if his wife was following him. As a result, Orpheus lost his wife forever.

Mintha
(Seen in Strabo's Geography, which records the ancient legends in the Ilis region of Greece)
Mingta is the daughter of the crying river god Cocytus, who was originally a water nymph.
Legend has it that Mingta is the maid next to Hades, and her self proclaimed vacant position as a queen of the underworld will eventually fall into her own hands.
However, Hades took back the goddess Persephone as his wife from Aetna, and declared that Persephone was the empress of the dead. Minta was so jealous that he spread everywhere that he was far more beautiful and noble than Persephone, and Hades would certainly come back to him. He even threatened to sweep Persephone out of the house. The angry Persephone (also known as Demeter) turned the Minta into mint grass (it is said that Persephone madly trampled the Minta into dust, but Hades, out of sympathy, made mint grass grow in her ashes).
Leuke
(See Homer's Ode, Geography of Greece and other Greek materials)
The daughter of Oceanus, the god of rivers and oceans, and Tethys, the goddess of the sea. Originally a sea fairy. But Hades, the underworld king, fell in love with Ryukyu and took her to Elysium. However, Ryukyu was the goddess of the ocean, and the dark underworld was not suitable for her to live in. Without the nourishment of the ocean, she gradually began to weaken until she died. After her death, Hades transformed her into a poplar tree and made it his sacred tree.

A young girl who died early
(See Euripides' Tragedy, Greek Epitaph and other Greek materials)
The ancient Greek tradition believed that if young girls died early before the age of marriage, they would mostly marry Hades. For example, according to Euripides's Iphigenia in Tauris, there is also the unfortunate girl. What else is her name? I think Hades will soon marry her as the bride.

In the huge palace of Hades, there are three judges. They are the sons of Zeus, Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Iagos. They are respectively responsible for judging the thoughts, words, and behaviors of the soul. There are other gods who sometimes come to the underworld to deal with affairs. Lady Justice Dice holds a sword and weighs good and evil for each soul. If the soul has more good than evil, she will enter the paradise, otherwise she will go to hell.
After people died, Hermes, the god of guidance, sent their souls from Erebus through darkness to Hades. There is a gate connected between the underworld and the underworld, which is called the 'Hell Gate'. This gate is located near the Cape of Tanas and guarded by a three headed hell dog named Cerberus. Once anyone enters the hell gate, he can never return to the sun.
There is a long road from the Hell Gate to the bottom of Hell. There are often illusory ghosts coming and going on the road. There are also many rivers in Hell. One of them is called the Koku Tes River River, which is formed by the tears of the bad men who served hard labor in Hell. Therefore, there are often terrible wails on it, because the name of the river itself means "crying in the distance". The other is called Agrón River, which must be passed by those who want to go to trial. The water in this river is black, and the current is fast. No one can swim across it. A man named Karon is the only boatman who ferries here. The dead can only cross the river by his boat, but Karon will ask for a fee of one yuan, otherwise he will refuse to carry. If those waiting for trial have no money, they must wait for a year, at which time Charon will receive the ferry for free, so the Greeks usually put a dollar in the mouth of the deceased.
After crossing the river, there is a vast gray plain, which is called the Truth Garden. There are two roads connecting here, leading to the Elysium of happiness and the hell of pain. The undead are judged by the three great judges of the underworld at the judgment table in front of the Truth Garden. The guilty people will be punished in different degrees in hell according to their crimes, while those who are innocent will leave the underworld and go to the beautiful and peaceful Elysium to live a happy life with no worries about food and clothing, wind and moon.

The dark and boundless underworld is ruled by Hades, whose name originates from the negation of the prefix "a" and the verb "see", thus extending the meaning of "invisible";
In Roman mythology, his corresponding god is Pluto, who combines the myths of Hades, Dis and Orcus.
In mythology, Hades is the deity that mortals detest the most. Tanatos, the god of death, is the son of the night god and enjoys holding a short knife to cut off the hair of dead people. He often walks in human settlements at night. The sleeping god Seponos is depicted as a winged deity, who falls asleep when he strikes a magical wand or flaps his black wings. He once caused Zeus to fall asleep under the command of Hera, and then fled to the night god, where the awakened Zeus stopped pursuing him.
In Homer's records, there are black poplar trees and fruitless coconut trees in the grove of Persephone (the Queen of the Underworld) in the underworld. Before reaching the Hell Kingdom, one must pass through this terrifying forest. At the entrance of Death Palace, there was a dog named Cerberus, with three heads and a bronze voice. The Agrón River flowing in the underworld is a river of suffering, derived from the word meaning "torture". To cross the Styx River, one must present one's own silver coins to the ferryman Karon, otherwise he will rudely drive the intruder away. So the ghost could only wander on the desolate shore of death, where it could never find a refuge. Therefore, the Greeks had to insert a silver coin into the mouth of the deceased.
The judges of the underworld court are Iagos, Minos and Rhadamanthus. The last two are the sons of Zeus and Europa. Minos was a tyrant in Crete before his death. Homer's epic Odyssey described the scene that he held a golden scepter in his hand and sentenced the ghosts. Rhadamanthus once ruled the Kikradi Islands and was driven out of his home by his brother Minos. Aeagos was the son of Zeus and Aegina, known for his love for justice during his lifetime. The gods had recommended him as the arbitrator. After the souls of the deceased are tried, they are either imprisoned in Tartaros or introduced to heaven and the island of Blissful Land.