George IV (English: George IV, August 12, 1762 - June 26, 1830), King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover (reigned from January 29, 1820 to June 26, 1830). The eldest son of George III, the brother of William IV. In 1762, he was made Crown Prince and granted the title of Prince of Wales. In 1811, his father, George III, was mentally ill and was unable to govern. George also served as regent. On January 29, 1820, his father George III died, and George became George IV.
George IV was intoxicated with luxury life all his life. He led the trend and fashion of the upper class society during the British regency, and was keen to support the emerging leisure, trend and taste of life. He once appointed John Naxi, a famous architect, to build a grand royal dome palace in Brighton, a seaside tourist attraction in England, renovated Buckingham Palace, and entrusted Sir Jeffry Wyatville to rebuild Windsor Castle. He also played an important role in the preparation of the National Gallery and King's College London.
In terms of family, George is not only hostile to his father, but also disastrous to his wife Caroline. When he was crowned in 1821, he ordered Caroline to be prohibited from attending the ceremony. In 1820, he introduced the highly influential "Draft of Pain and Punishment" through Congress in advance, and attempted to divorce Caroline. As a result, he not only failed, but also was widely criticized.
Politically, during George's reign as regent and monarch, Lord Liverpool was the prime minister for most of the time, controlling the government. Under the circumstance that George rarely interfered with the imperial government, the British government led Britain to win the final victory in the long Napoleonic War, negotiated with other countries about the post-war peace order, and tried to cope with a series of social and economic turbulence. In his later years, George was forced to accept that George Canning, who was at odds with him, had successively served as Foreign Minister and Prime Minister, and gave up his position against the liberation of Catholicism. He died on June 26, 1830. His brother William ascended the throne as William IV.

George IV of the United Kingdom (August 12, 1762-June 26, 1830), the eldest son of King George III of England and Sophie Charlotte of Mecklenburg Strelitz, was granted the title of Prince of Wales. In 1795, in order to repay their debts, they married their distant cousin Caroline Amelia Elizabeth and separated shortly after their only daughter, Princess Charlotte, was born. In 1810, George III was seriously ill and became regent according to the "law of government" passed by parliament. He began to exercise all the powers of the king. In 1817, Princess Charlotte, the crown prince of the Queen, had a difficult birth. After giving birth to a baby boy, she died of massive bleeding, and the baby died immediately. After that, besides her sixth uncle, her group of uncles, who were nearly half a hundred years old, competed to marry several European princesses or princesses in a short year, so as to breed new royal heirs. In 1820, after his father, George III, enjoyed a good time, he became the King of England and the Elector of Hanover at the age of 58, and was called George IV. But he refused to crown his wife Caroline as queen. In 1821, his wife Caroline, who had lived apart for many years, died, but he had no intention of remarrying. He died in 1830 at the age of 67. From 1820 to 1830, George IV was king for only 10 years. From 1812, when his father was mentally ill, he actually held power for 18 years.
St James's Palace
George was born on August 12, 1762 at St. James' Palace in London. As the eldest son of King George III of England, he automatically became the Duke of Cornwall and the Duke of Rosasse at birth, and was crowned Prince of Wales and the Earl of Chester a few days later. On September 18 of the same year, he was baptized by Thomas Seck, the Archbishop of Canterbury. His godfather and godmother included his uncle, the Duke of Mecklenburg Strelitz (represented by the Duke of Devon, the Minister of the Palace), his uncle, the Duke of Cumberland, and his grandmother, the Princess of Wales. The Prince of Wales was intelligent when he was young, and soon learned his native English, as well as French, German and Italian.
autograph
When the Prince of Wales turned 18, he was arranged to move to his own palace. Different from his plain and gossipy father, the Prince of Wales, who grew up and became independent, lived a luxurious and indulgent life. In addition to the habit of drinking, he also kept many mistresses, and his deviant behavior was frequently reported. George is eloquent. When he is drunk or sober, he always shows his wit and wit in his conversation; In addition, he cultivated a noble but luxurious life taste, and poured money to decorate his palace.
In 1783, the Prince of Wales, at the age of 21, received a living allowance of 60000 pounds a year from the National Assembly and an allowance of 50000 pounds a year from his father. Although he gets tens of millions of pounds worth of money every year, he can only subsidize a small part of his huge expenses. The cost of stables alone is as high as 31000 pounds per year. Before long, he chose to move to Carlton House in London and continue to live a life of extravagance. George III wanted his son to be simple, industrious and frugal, and live the life that the legal heir to the throne should have, but his indulgence made the relationship between the two father and son gradually deteriorate. In addition, George III's political position was conservative, but his son favored radical politicians such as Charles James Fox; As a result, the relationship between the two became increasingly estranged, and eventually became a firestorm.

Shortly after he turned 21, the Prince of Wales was charmed by a woman named Maria Fitzherbert, and was also in love. This FitzHerbert is a commoner, six years older than the Prince of Wales, has lost his wife twice, and is a Roman Catholic. Nevertheless, the Prince of Wales insisted on marrying the woman. However, according to the Inheritance Act of 1701, no Catholic spouse can ascend the British throne; Moreover, the Royal Marriage Act of 1772 stipulated that the Prince of Wales could not establish any marriage relationship without the consent of the King of England. Thus, King George III would never allow his son to marry this woman.
On December 15, 1785, the Prince of Wales, without the consent of his father, signed a marriage contract with FitzHerbert at his residence in Mayfair Park Street. Since George III never approved the marriage, it was legally invalid. However, FitzHerbert believed that he was the right wife for the Prince of Wales. She believed that marriage was recognized religiously, and the church law should prevail over the national law. However, for political reasons, the marriage can only be kept confidential, and FitzHerbert also promised not to disclose it to the outside world.
George III, George's father
George, the Prince of Wales, was later heavily in debt because of his extravagance. Unable to get help from his father, he was forced to move out of Carlton House and into Maria's apartment. In 1787, political friends suggested that he seek extra living expenses from Congress to solve his financial problems. At that time, the outside world had begun to speculate about his relationship with Maria, and once their illegal marriage relationship became public, it was bound to become a national scandal, and even affect the decisions of Congress. Therefore, Charles James Fox, the Whig leader, was entrusted by the Prince of Wales to claim that the rumors were all "libel" in an attempt to dilute public opinion speculation. However, such a strong public denial of their marriage and emotional relationship made Maria rather unhappy. In order to please her, the Prince of Wales had no choice but to ask Richard Brinsley Sheridan, another Whig MP, to clarify Fox's radical remarks to the outside world with more cautious words. At the same time, the Congress granted 161000 pounds to the Prince of Wales to repay the debt, and another 60000 pounds to decorate the Carlton House.

Born in St. James' Palace in London on August 12, 1762, as the eldest son of the king, he automatically became the Duke of Cornwall and the Prince of Wales. When he was young, George Augustus was a brilliant student. In addition to his native English, he was also proficient in French, German and Latin. When he reached the age of 21, he received a grant of 60000 pounds from the Parliament to renovate his house and earn an annual income of 500000 pounds. Then, he built his own palace, where he lived a dissolute life by virtue of his casual and elegant appearance. Politically, it also inherited the tradition of the Hanover family. Every crown prince opposed his father in power.
He was probably the smartest and most artistic talent in the history of the Hanover Dynasty, so he was elected to the "Solemn Steak Club" in 1784 and occupied his own place. The club is a Saturday dinner party established by some learned nobles in Britain. The reason why he was praised by aristocratic scholars was that he also had a lot of research on architectural style, which made him interesting.
Mrs FitzHerbert
Little George was a satyr when he was young. At the age of 16, he took away the chastity of a maid beside his mother. At the age of 18, he fooled around with an actress, so that the king spent 5000 pounds to cover up the scandal. In 1784, he met a woman five years older than him, Maria FitzHerbert. The woman is a Roman Catholic widow. He loved her and was crazy. Maria fled to Holland in fear. Little George claimed painfully that he would elope to America with her, and finally he married the beautiful widow. At that time, the state religion was Protestant, and Catholicism was still banned. Who would preside over the wedding? The prince found a priest named Bart. Pastor Bart is being imprisoned for defaulting on debts. He agrees to hold a wedding ceremony for the crown prince on the condition that he will be made a bishop after the crown prince ascends the throne. Although the wedding was in accordance with the religious rules, it was invalid from the very beginning according to the Royal Marriage Law of 1772. In the years to come, little George would return to Mrs. FitzHerbert, although he occasionally had mistresses.
In 1785, when he was in great debt, George III refused to increase his son's annuity, saying that it was "a shameless waste of public money to satisfy the extravagant desires of a young man who did not follow the right path". He was forced to move out of his official residence with Mrs. FitzHerbert. His allies proposed to increase his annuity in the parliament, but the parliament refused him on the grounds of his suspicious marriage. Until he issued a statement denying his relationship with Mrs. FitzHerbert, the Parliament agreed to allocate 161000 pounds to repay his debts and redeem his official residence with 60000 pounds. Until 1800, Mrs. FitzHerbert returned to her husband who thought she was legitimate, helped the Prince of Wales to stop drinking, and nursed his body suffering from gastritis.

When his father, King George III, was seriously ill in November 1788, the British Parliament suddenly found that due to the absence of the king, the Parliament would be unable to carry out any activities. Charles James Fox, a friend of the prince, advocated that the Prince of Wales, as regent, would automatically enjoy all the rights of the king during his incapacity due to illness. His idea was opposed by the Prime Minister William Pitt Jr., who believed that power belonged to Parliament. Although the Prince of Wales had the courage to offend Pete, he did not support Fox's philosophy.
There is much talk about him in the society. There was an article in The Times that described him as "an alcoholic, a man who always loves women and wine bottles but does not like politics and church". He eats like an ox and is addicted to alcohol. As a result, he has a big belly in his thirties, and is as fat as a cartoon monster. In addition, his face is flushed, and his tall nose of lees is even redder, as if he could spurt blood with a poke. He is in constant danger of stroke. He was surrounded by empty wine bottles, a large number of medicines pressed with bedpans, and bills of arrears from various hotels.
The hostility to the prince was mostly for political reasons, and the criticism was a bit exaggerated. However, the prince was never just like that. When he was sober, his talk was very informative and full of interesting anecdotes. His memory is very good, and he is good at imitating others' voice and actions. His friend, the dandy Bloomer, said that the Prince could have become the best comedian in Europe.
george iv
In the eyes of his father, George III, and conservative politicians, the young George IV could not be trusted. One of his closest friends was Charles James Fox. When Fox swaggered around in the American anti colonialist uniform, he also applauded. He supported Fox because Fox was the political enemy of Prime Minister Peter Jr., who was the Prime Minister selected by his father. He also supported Whig Doctrine, which advocated that the king was only a nominal leader without any real power. His real intention was to use it as a means to disturb his father.
After 1793, the British political tide was turbulent and political affairs were fierce. Prince Wang came to the conclusion that Fox's Whig principles may lead to revolution and anarchism. He had made countless wishes to the Whigs, but when he became king, he immediately told them that they could not get anything from him. George IV remained the Tory minister of his father's time. The Tories are always considered conservative.

After the Regency crisis ended, the Prince of Wales continued to live a luxurious life and was heavily in debt again. This time, George III insisted that he marry Caroline Amelia Elizabeth, a cousin from Brunswick, or he would not provide him with any financial assistance. In desperation, the Prince of Wales had to acquiesce to his father's request and married at the King's Chapel in St. James's Palace on April 8, 1795. Unfortunately, the marriage was a disaster, and the two were completely different in character. In January 1796, after the birth of their only child, Princess Charlotte, the two formally separated in March of the same year, and never lived together. Although there were several periods of estrangement, the Prince of Wales spent the rest of his life in love with Maria FitzHerbert.
In fact, the Prince of Wales may have had several illegitimate children before he met FitzHerbert. One of his early mistresses was the actress Mary Robinson. It is understood that Robinson had threatened to sell his information to major newspapers and received a considerable salary privately. Other early mistresses include Grace Elliott, the socialite whose ex husband worked as a doctor, and the Countess of Jersey, who had fascinated him for several years. In his later years, his mistresses included the Marchioness of Hertford, and his new favorite in the last ten years was the Marchioness Conyngham.
If possible, after the wedding of the Prince of Wales, his debts accumulated up to 630000 pounds were temporarily repaid by the Congress in 1795. Reluctantly, the Congress reluctantly allocated an additional 65000 pounds a year to him for living expenses in order to fully repay the debt in the long run. This additional appropriation will be increased by 60000 pounds to 125000 pounds per year by 1803. It was not until 1806 that the Prince of Wales fully paid off all the debts he owed in 1795, but he accumulated another debt since 1795, making the debt problem continue indefinitely.