George IV (English: George IV, August 12, 1762-june 26, 1830), king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover (from January 29, 1820 to June 26, 1830). The eldest son of George III and the same mother and brother of William IV. In 1762, he was made crown prince and Prince of Wales. In 1811, his father George III suffered from mental illness and was unable to govern. George also served as regent. On January 29, 1820, his father George III died and George ascended the throne as George IV.
George IV was addicted to luxury life all his life. He led the fashion trend of the upper class society during the British Regency and was keen to support the emerging leisure, trend and taste life. He once appointed famous architect John Naxi to build a large-scale Royal dome palace in Brighton, a seaside tourist attraction in Britain, renovated Buckingham Palace, and commissioned Sir Jeffry wyatville to rebuild Windsor Castle. He also played an important role in the preparation of the National Gallery in London and King's College in London.
In terms of family, George not only made a bad relationship with his father, but also his marriage with his first wife Caroline was like a disaster. When he was crowned in 1821, he ordered Caroline to be banned from attending the grand ceremony. In 1820, he also introduced the highly acclaimed "pain and punishment draft" through Congress in advance in an attempt to divorce Caroline. The result was not only failed, but also widely criticized.
Politically, during George's reign as regent and monarch, Lord Liverpool served as prime minister and controlled the government for most of the time. Under the condition that George rarely cared about the government, the British government led Britain to win the final victory in the protracted Napoleonic War, negotiated the post-war peace order with all countries, and tried to cope with a series of social and economic turmoil. In his later years, George was forced to accept George canning, who was at odds with him, as foreign minister and Prime Minister successively, and abandoned his long-standing opposition to the liberation of Catholicism. Died on June 26, 1830. His brother William ascended the throne as William IV.

George IV of the United Kingdom (August 12, 1762-june 26, 1830), the eldest son of King George III of England and Sophie Charlotte of Mecklenburg strelitz, was crowned Prince of Wales. In 1795, they married their distant cousin Caroline Amelia Elizabeth in order to repay their debts and separated shortly after the birth of their only daughter, Princess Charlotte. In 1810, George III was seriously ill and became Regent according to the "political law" passed by Parliament. He began to exercise all the power of the king. In 1817, crown prince Charlotte had a difficult birth and died of massive bleeding after giving birth to a baby boy. Later, in addition to her sixth uncle, her group of nearly half a hundred uncles competed to marry several European princesses or princesses in a short year in order to give birth to new royal heirs. In 1820, after his father George III Yan Jia, at the age of 58, he became king of England and elector of Hanover, known as George IV. But he refused to crown his wife Caroline as Queen. In 1821, his wife Caroline, who had been separated for many years, died, but he had no intention of marrying again. He died in 1830 at the age of 67. From 1820 to 1830, George IV was king for only 10 years. From 1812, when his father was mentally ill, he actually held power for 18 years.
St James's Palace
St James's Palace
George was born at St James's palace in London on August 12, 1762. As the eldest son of King George III, he automatically became the Duke of Cornwall and the Duke of rosassey as soon as he was born. A few days later, he was canonized as the prince of Wales and the Earl of Chester. On September 18 of the same year, he was baptized by Thomas sack, Archbishop of Canterbury. His godfather and godmother included his uncle, Duke Mecklenburg strelitz (represented by the chancellor of the palace, Duke of Devon), his uncle, Duke of Cumberland, and his grandmother, the princess of Wales. The prince of Wales was gifted as a child and soon learned his mother tongue English, as well as French, German and Italian.
autograph
autograph
When the prince of Wales reached the age of 18, he was arranged to move to his own palace. Unlike his plain and undisclosed father, the prince of Wales lived a luxurious and indulgent life after he grew up and became independent. In addition to developing the habit of drinking, he also kept many mistresses, and his deviant behavior was often heard. When George is sober and witty, he shows his wit when he is drunk; In addition, he cultivated a noble but luxurious taste of life and spent a lot of money to decorate his palace.
In 1783, the prince of Wales, who had reached the age of 21, received an annual living allowance of £ 60000 from Congress and an annual allowance of £ 50000 from his father. Although he receives tens of millions of pounds a year, he can only subsidize a small part of his huge expenses. Among them, the annual expenditure on stables alone has reached £ 31000. Soon after, he chose to move to Carlton house in London and continue to live a wasteful life. George III wanted his son to be simple, hardworking and frugal and live the life that the legal heir to the throne should have, but his indulgence gradually worsened the relationship between the two father and son. In addition, George III's political position is conservative, but his son dotes on radical politicians such as Charles James Fox; Therefore, the relationship between the two became increasingly alienated and eventually became a fire and water.
Maria Fitz Herbert
Maria Fitz Herbert
Shortly after reaching the age of 21, the prince of Wales was fascinated by a woman named Maria fitzherbert and had a relationship. Fitz Herbert was a commoner, six years older than the prince of Wales, had been widowed twice, and was a Roman Catholic. Nevertheless, the prince of Wales insisted on marrying the woman. However, according to the succession act of 1701, no Catholic spouse can ascend the British throne; Moreover, the royal marriage act 1772 stipulates that the prince of Wales cannot establish any marriage relationship without the consent of the king of England. From this point of view, George III would never allow his son to marry this woman.
On December 15, 1785, the prince of Wales, without the consent of his father, signed and married Fitz Herbert at his residence in Mayfair Park Street. Since George III never approved it, the marriage is legally invalid. However, fitzherbert believed that he was the wife of the prince of Wales. She believed that marriage was recognized in religion and that church law should prevail over national law. However, for political reasons, their marriage can only be kept confidential, and Fitz Herbert promised not to disclose it to the outside world.
George III, George's father
George III, George's father
George, the prince of Wales, was later heavily in debt because of his extravagance. Unable to get help from his father, he was forced to move out of Carlton house and into Maria's apartment. In 1787, friends in politics suggested that he seek additional living expenses from Congress to solve his financial problems. At that time, the outside world had begun to speculate about his relationship with Maria, and once their illegal marriage was made public, it was bound to become a major scandal in the country and even affect the decision of Congress. Therefore, Charles James Fox, the leader of the Whig party, was entrusted by the prince of Wales to declare that the rumors were all "slander" in an attempt to dilute the speculation of public opinion. However, such a strong public denial of their marriage and emotional relationship made Maria quite unhappy. In order to please her, the prince of Wales had to ask another Whig MP, Richard brinsley Sheridan, to clarify Fox's extreme remarks with more cautious words. At the same time, Congress issued £ 161000 to the prince of Wales to repay the debt, and allocated £ 60000 to decorate Carlton house.