Apollo (Greek: Α π όλλων、 Apollo is the God of light, prophecy, music and medicine in ancient Greek mythology, and the God of disaster relief. It is also the protector of human civilization, migration and navigation. He was also the son of Zeus and Leto and the twin brother of Artemis. [1]
Apollo is also known as Phobos Apollo（ Φοίβος Α π όλλων）， Phobos means "bright" or "brilliant". Apollo is the most handsome of all the male gods. He is happy, intelligent, and has a sunny temperament. He is the object of praise in many artists' poems and paintings.
In the divine spectrum, the sun god refers to Helios. He was the son of the God of light, nepolis. [7] Apollo is the God of art, not the sun god.
In the famous Homer Epic (8th century BC), Apollo was called the king of bows and arrows, the God of long-range shooting, and the king of the golden sword.

Apollo is regarded as the God in charge of literature and art, in charge of light, sun, medicine, animal husbandry, music, etc. He is the God of human protection, the God of light, the God of prophecy, the God of migration and navigation, the God of medicine and the God of disaster relief. In Homer's epic, Zeus, Athena and Apollo are described as some kind of unity in Olympian mythology. Although Apollo once came to Olympus mountain, it made the gods tremble, and Apollo's deterrence and power coincided with his elegance and beauty. He is the symbol of male beauty in ancient Greek art. His beautiful figure and super talent make him popular with many goddesses. Nine Muses often accompanied him. When Leto gave birth to Apollo, many goddesses came to welcome his birth. [2]
Apollo is the God of light, and his alias is Phobos, which means light; Apollo, on the other hand, can be divided into a (not), which means "many". When combined, it means "non multiple", that is, "unique". The island of Tirol, where he was born, also means bright. He was widely used as a prophet in ancient Greek dramas. The main temple of him was the Delphic oracle, and the tripod used for issuing prophecies was his sacred object. As the God of music, he also had a sacred thing, the seven stringed lyre. In ancient Greece, a series of lyric poems were dedicated to the God of poetry. His name has the meaning of destroying the evil. As the God of expelling evil, he is also a powerful long-range God of war, marked by a silver bow. He can make worshippers become healers (therapeutis, refers to people who treat people in a religious way). In epidarus and lagonia, Apollo was worshipped as a healer, and his name was "maleatas". In konolia and Piraeus, he was called "aceseios", and in Ellis, he was called "epicoureios". [2]
In the city-state period of ancient Greece, he was a universal God of laws and regulations. People think that he explained religious laws. He is the patron saint of sheep and cattle. [2] There are several myths that mention that Apollo was a shepherd during his service for Artemis, pomelos, and Laomedon. [3] There are some related titles, such as "carneio" (from the ancient Greek "RAM"), arnocopis, Nomis, opaon melon, arnocomas, epimelios, and poimnios (from the Greek "sheep"). The laureate Apollo was also the God of laurel plants. He is known as "smintheas" and "parnopius", which means "locust exterminator". Dorians have a very important festival called "carneia", which is held in Sparta every four years [4]; There is also an agricultural festival called "pyanopseia" held every autumn [4] to commemorate Apollo, the God of agriculture. [4] Apollo was also a God who took care of young people and a God who built cities.

birth
The most popular legend about the birth of Apollo is that after Leto became pregnant, Hera, the queen of heaven, could not tolerate other goddesses to give birth to Zeus, so she ordered the earth to forbid her to give birth. Leto ran around, and finally Astria became adelos, the "blind island", who came forward and accepted her. Poseidon raised four giant diamond pillars on the sea floor to fix the floating island. It is said that when he was born, the Swan flew around him seven times.
Regarding Artemis and whether Artemis and Apollo were brothers and sisters, it is very clear in Greek mythology that the older Artemis delivered his brother Apollo. Because they are twins, modern people ask this question. However, in Greek mythology, it is mentioned that Apollo was born after nine days, and Artemis and other goddesses delivered Leto. This is an important mythological source of Artemis as the delivery goddess. [5]
image
Apollo
Apollo
Among the many Olympian gods, Apollo is the most respected. He is the most versatile and handsome male god in Greek mythology. Apollo is also a symbol of male beauty. The story of his birth has been recorded in many ancient Greek mythological materials, such as the library, the song of dross, and Homer's ode. This is an immortal God, the light source and the power itself. As the first beautiful man in the world, he is the prototype of beauty. People usually sacrifice swans, eagles, wolves and cicadas to him. [2]
Apollo was an energetic and vigorous young man. His appearance is dignified and dignified. He is handsome, with fragrant and slightly flowing long hair hanging on his shoulders. Wearing a crown woven from the branches and leaves of the laurel tree, the love tree, the olive tree or the water lily. The God of light usually wears luxurious clothes, holds his head high in the blue sky, and plays the lyre to sing aloud. Sometimes he carried his own silver bow and arrow, and sometimes he also carried a gold sword.
source
It is generally believed that the myth of Apollo originated from Asia Minor. He stood on the side of Troy during the Trojan War, where there were many temples. Some people think that it originated from the north of Greece. The people of shipieri claim to be the descendants of Apollo. There are many myths related to Apollo, mainly including: he killed pythons and built a temple at the place where he defeated pythons in Delphi; Participate in the battle between the gods of Olympus and the giant spirits; In the Trojan War, he first sent an oracle to help Greece. But later the Greeks refused to return the daughter of his priest. He sent a plague to the Greeks, causing them to suffer. After Achilles' persuasion, the daughter of the priest was returned; Cassandra, the princess of Troy, was endowed with the gift of prophecy when she fell in love with him. However, the princess broke her promise afterwards, and Apollo made her prophecy fail; He and Poseidon were also punished to build an unbreakable wall of Troy; After that, he also helped his brother Dionysus with Athena and Hermes.
achievement
Apollo protected agriculture on the one hand, and his light was regarded as an arrow with the role of God of war on the other. The common Apollo images are mostly young people with long hair and no need to carry a harp, bow, aegis, etc. Apollo was also the God of music and poetry. The goddess in charge of the Muses. He can arouse all kinds of emotions that people pour into the hymn. On the Olympus mountain, he held a gold lira in his hand and directed the Muse's chorus with a pleasant tone. When he helped Poseidon build the walls of Troy, the music played by Lila was so beautiful that the stones were rhythmically and automatically placed in their places. Once he accepted the challenge of the mortal musician masyas to participate in a competition.
After defeating the opponent, he skinned his opponent to death to punish his arrogance. [3] Once, God pan boldly challenged Apollo, who was proficient in the lyre, to his musical skills. The mountain god tmolus was elected as the arbitrator. [3] Pan Shen played the xurenks, and the beautiful country tune made him and his loyal followers, and King Midas, who happened to be present at that time, think that Pan Shen played very well. [3] Then, when apolola moved the strings of the lyre, tmolus immediately awarded the victory to Apollo, and everyone except Midas agreed with the decision. However, Midas disagreed and questioned the fairness of the ruling. Apollo didn't want to tolerate Midas' ears any more and turned them into donkey ears. In another version, pan and Apollo began to draw, and the competition was forced to enter the second round. [3] In this round, Apollo asked to play overhead. The handstand had no effect on Apollo's playing the lyre, but pan could not play the xurenx, so Apollo won the competition. [3]
good
On the good side of Apollo, he once helped Hermes, the son of the goddess Maia, enter the sacred mountain of Olympus to live. For Hermes, Apollo himself went to persuade Hera. Even in order to succeed, he turned Hermes into Ares, Hera's son, which made Hera's heart beat and finally agreed to let Hermes live in the holy mountain. Hermes once deceived Apollo and stole Apollo's cattle (the cattle represented a year, and would not bear or die). But he exchanged the lyre he made for Apollo. Apollo finally forgave him and gave him the cow.

Great battle Pitong
Apollo shot piton
The young Apollo, holding a harp and carrying a silver bow on his shoulder, flew in the blue sky. The golden arrows jingled in the quiver. He ran to the cave where the python Pitong lived, looking for Pitong to avenge his mother Leto. Because Leto was chased by piton and suffered a lot.
Apollo soon found the cave where piton lived. There are cliffs everywhere. The cave is facing the sky. It is dark in the cave. The water at the bottom of the cave is turbulent, and the water is filled with fog. The terrible Pitong crawled out of the cave, and the huge body covered with scales coiled round and round among the rocks. Its weight makes rocks and mountains tremble. Piton destroyed everything around it. The goddess and all creatures fled because they were afraid of it. Piton opened the big mouth of the blood basin, ready to swallow Apollo. The strings on Apollo's silver bow made a buzzing sound, and his golden arrows, which hit all directions, rained down on piton. Piton stopped breathing and lay on the ground. Apollo sang the war song of victory and buried piton. There he built the temple of Delphi and the God's office to prophesy the will of Zeus.

graze
Because Apollo had killed python, Zeus sent him to Thessaly to serve king almetos. Apollo herded the king's cattle there, and used this kind of hard labor to atone for his sins. He played the flute and piano on the pasture, and the wild animals he fell for walked out of the dense forest: leopards and wild lions moved meekly among the sheep, and wild deer and antelope danced in the rhythm of the flute. There was a peaceful and pleasant atmosphere around. Apollo also helped ademetos to acquire alcestes, the daughter of Pelias, the king of iolus. Pelias only agreed to marry his daughter to someone who could ride in a carriage pulled by lions and bears. Apollo helped ademetos to fulfill the request of Pelias. Apollo served for Artemis for eight years and then returned to Delphi.
In spring and summer, Apollo prophesied the will of Zeus at Delphi. Autumn comes, flowers wither, leaves wither; In the cold winter, the peaks of the panaces mountain are covered with snow. Apollo took the magic car pulled by the White Swan to spend time in the country where the xuperboris people always live in spring.

Due to the long history of Greek mythology, modern people have a huge misunderstanding and cognition about the identity and status of many characters in the mythology system, such as the understanding that "Apollo is the sun god".
It can be said that Apollo also has the attribute of the sun god, but his main duty is the God of prophecy and the God of light.
The saying that Apollo is the sun god is a saying that comes from the origin of Apollo with the attribute of the sun, the evolution of the gods in the Late Ancient Greece, and the addition of poets and dramatists in later generations. [1]
Since the fifth century BC, Helios, the God of the sun, has been seriously confused with Apollo, the God of art. So Apollo was considered Helios, the sun god. However, Helios did not completely mix with Apollo in the end.
Helios is the sun god from beginning to end in Greek mythology, and is the most orthodox Sun God. Apollo had the attribute of Helios only in the late period of ancient Greece.
Therefore, some later non Greek writers wrote such as "after the battle of Titan, Zeus, the God of heaven, rewarded the gods, and Apollos, the God of light, wanted to take charge of the sun. Zeus forgot Helios, who was on duty, and agreed to Apollo's request. There is another saying: because Phaethon, the son of Helios Because of the disaster caused by driving the sun chariot, Zeus handed over the job of driving the sun chariot to Apollo. " These statements.
Therefore, later, people often confused Apollo with the sun god, thinking that Apollo was the sun god. In addition, Phoebus, another name of Apollo, is also considered to be the alias of Helios. However, Phoebus was merged with Apollo very early, and it has been the alias of Apollo since the 8th century BC.
Later, Latin poets used Phobos to the Roman sun god sol. In the period after Greek mythology, the confusion between Apollo and Helios became more and more obvious.
Classical Latin poets often regard "Phobos" as a substitute for the sun god (substitution: synonym and synonym used to replace the original word because of avoiding that a word appears too often in the article and affecting the artistic level of the article). Since then, "Phobos and his chariot" has become a very fashionable metaphor for the sun.
Interestingly, in most of the deification stories, although Apollo was often called "Phobos", he was never called "son of hyporion" or "Sun chariot driver".
In addition, the sun god, one of the seven wonders of the world, worships Helios, the most orthodox Sun God in Greek mythology, not Apollo.

About the sun Chariot
Because of the confusion between Apollo and Helios in later generations, everyone thought that the solar chariot was driven by Apollo, but it was not. However, we should seriously explain why such a situation occurs.
There are two kinds of statements here. It is said that they are from Greek drama. The reason is that there are many contradictions between the relationship between Apollo and Helios. Therefore, it is necessary to make up some stories to connect them, such as the fall of Helios and the accession of Apollo. However, these are only drama, so they are not orthodox Greek mythology. But let's take a look:
The first misconception is that after the gods of Olympus defeated the Titans, Zeus began to enjoin the gods. Apollo took the opportunity to ask him to drive the solar chariot. But Zeus forgot that he had promised Helios. Afterwards, although Helios was the sun god, Apollo drove the sun chariot.
Another misconception: in Greek mythology, Phaeton, the son of Helios, always dreamed of driving his father's solar chariot. However, he was unable to control the brilliant chariot and the galloping horses. Finally, Zeus, the father of the gods, stopped the chariot and saved the young Phaeton. At the same time, he gave Apollo the right to drive the solar chariot.
So the sun god was gradually mistaken for Apollo.
However, Apollo himself [never] had the honor of driving a solar car under the pen of an ancient Greek poet. In other words, the solar car was always the patent of Helios.
The appearance of the sun chariot is that there are several (about four) horses with golden light in front. The body is made of gold, and the horses and cars emit golden light and heat.