Murad I (about 1326-1389), Sultan of Ottoman Türkiye (1360-1389). The son of Orhan. In 1360, he ascended the throne and changed his title to Sultan (Arabic, meaning "monarch" or "ruler").

Murad I (also known as Sultan Murad I) was the son of Orhan Gazi and Nilufer Hatun. He ascended to the throne in 1360 and implemented a policy of territorial expansion after ascending to the throne.
In 1362, he led his army to the west, crossed the Bosphorus Strait, captured Adrianople, and relocated his capital here, renaming it Edirne.
Afterwards, it continued to expand towards Southeast Europe and occupied the eastern part of Thrace in 1369. In 1371, it defeated the coalition forces of Serbia, Bulgaria, Wallachia, and Hungary in the Battle of Maricha River, and occupied Macedonia, forcing Bulgaria, Byzantium, and other countries to submit and pay tribute.
Starting from 1377, it expanded towards central Anatolia.
In 1385, they marched westward again, captured Sofia, and occupied central Bulgaria.
The following year, he took Nish and forced Serbia to submit. Subsequently, they occupied Angola (now Ankara) to the east and advanced to Tokat.
In June 1389, he was assassinated by an assassin who infiltrated the army during the Battle of Kosovo.
In the 1480s, Murad I once again led his army on a westward expedition to Europe.
In 1385, Sofia was captured and central Bulgaria was occupied. In 1386, he seized Nish and forced Serbia to submit. In June 1389, during the Battle of Kosovo, Serbia completely defeated the coalition forces of Serbia, Bulgaria, and Hungary, and Serbia became a vassal of the Ottoman Empire. In this decisive battle, Murad I was killed by assassins who infiltrated the army at the age of 63.
In addition, during and between the two expeditions to the west, Murad I also expanded eastward towards central Anatolia, capturing Angola (now Ankara) and obtaining a large area of land up to Tokat; Forcing principalities such as Jermyan, Taikai, and Hamid to cede some of their territories to the empire; And defeated the attack of the coalition forces of the various duchies of Turkmenistan in the Konya region.

During his 29 years in office, Murad I fully pursued the policy of territorial expansion and conquered many countries in Southeast Europe and West Asia, laying the foundation for the rise of the Ottoman Türkiye Empire.