Moses Maimonides (1135-1204) was one of the leading thinkers and philosophers among medieval Jews.

Moses Maimonid (Hebrew: M) ō Sheh ben Main ō n) Jewish philosopher. Born in Spain in 1135 and died in Cairo, Egypt in 1204. Maimonid left Spain when he was young. At that time, Cordoba had been occupied by a group of barbaric new rulers from North Africa. The Maimonides family no longer felt comfortable there. So he traveled eastward and finally settled in Egypt in 1165. There, he served as a private physician for Saladin (a famous ruler who opposed the Lion Heart King Richard during the Third Crusade). He is also the leader of the local Jewish community.

He not only made remarkable achievements in philosophy and theology, but also excelled in mathematics and medicine. He left behind many works for future generations, with two of the most important ones in the middle period: one was his theological masterpiece "Mishnatola", which took him 30 years to write, providing a comprehensive exposition of Judaism's laws, doctrines, and traditions; Another is the philosophical classic "The Guide to the Lost" that he completed in his later years. Starting from Aristotle's rationalism, he conducted in-depth and systematic research on issues such as God, the universe, law, prophets, and human knowledge. After its publication, "The Lost Guide" was quickly translated into various European languages, which had a significant impact on the development of medieval European philosophical thought.
Due to his significant contributions in Jewish religion and philosophy, Maimonid is hailed as the "second Moses" after Moses, who brought Jews out of Egypt in ancient times.